关联词有那些

关联词有那些
关联词有那些

关联词有那些
常用连词总结
1. 表示时间顺序的常用词或短语
after, shortly after, before, earlier, later, later on, gradually, immediately, directly, next, soon, then, afterwards, in a few days, in the coming days, first, second, finally, till, until, at first, meanwhile, since then, in the end, after that, at last
2. 表示空间顺序的常用词或短语
next, on the right/left, to the right/left, near, near to, nearby, beside, before, behind, below, by, far from, in front of, in the front of, at the back, at the back of, beyond, opposite, above, around, in and around, on one side, on both sides, on the other side of, at the foot/top/end of, in the middle/center of
3. 表示递进关系的常用词或短语
besides, not only…but also, otherwise, what’s more, still more, even more, still worse, what’s worse, to make matters worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition
4. 表示列举的常用词或短语
first of all, firstly, to begin with, secondly, thirdly, next, finally, lastly, for example/instance, such as, like, and so on, for one thing…for another thing
5. 表示转折关系的常用词或短语
but, still, however, otherwise, yet, on the contrary, nevertheless, instead
6. 表示因果关系的常用词或短语
as, as a result, as a result of, owing to, thanks to, due to, because, because of, since, so, for, so that, therefore, thus, on account of, now that
7. 表示归纳总结的常用词或短语
above all, at last, finally, in fact, in a word, in the end, in summary, in brief, in short, to sum up, in conclusion, as has been stated
8. 表示解释说明关系的常用词或短语
equally, likewise, similarly, in the same way, namely, in other words, that is, that is to say, or rather, to tell you the truth
9. 表示平行、对等或选择关系的连接词
and, both…and, as well as, as well, neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also
10. 表示个人观点的常用词或短语
in my opinion, as far as I am concerned
11. 表示对比关系的常用词或短语
in contrast to (与…相比), while, on one hand…on the other hand
In contrast to her cousin, Mary was smart.
12. 用于开篇的常用词或短语
generally/strict/frankly/honestly/roughly/personally/exactly speaking, as we all know, as is well known, as far as I know, as far as I can see, with (随着)
With the development of society, the standard of living is increasing.

英语关联词 句子结构的"关节",准确表达的关键
英语关联词是关系词和连接词的合称.
严谨而准确的表达的基础之一是严谨的句子结构;而关联词 ,就是这句子结构的"关节"和关键.深刻理解和正确运用每一个关联词是高水准英语的重要标志之一.
然而在英语教学中,关联词却常成为一个不为人说重视的 "小角色",以致许多同学到中学毕业时还对其不甚了了.
英语关联词 —并列连词 1

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英语关联词 句子结构的"关节",准确表达的关键
英语关联词是关系词和连接词的合称.
严谨而准确的表达的基础之一是严谨的句子结构;而关联词 ,就是这句子结构的"关节"和关键.深刻理解和正确运用每一个关联词是高水准英语的重要标志之一.
然而在英语教学中,关联词却常成为一个不为人说重视的 "小角色",以致许多同学到中学毕业时还对其不甚了了.
英语关联词 —并列连词 1
并列连词 在句子中不做成分,仅表示前后关系.
1.用于连接彼此互补依存的对等的成分.
1)连接语词:slow but safe/ either this
week or next week
2)连接分句:I went and she also.
2.可分别表示下列关系.
1)转折:but, yet, however, neverthe-
less
2) 因果:so, for, therefore
3) 选择:or, either…or, neither…nor
英语关联词 —并列连接词 2
4)并列和递进:and,both…and, as well as
not only…but (also)
英语关联词 —关联词
关联词 用于引导从句.
1.名词从句: He doesn't know what she is.
2.副词从句:If he comes, I'll give it
to you.
3.形容词从句:He's the best student I've
ever taught.
英语关联词 —连接词 1
关联词的类别及所表示的关系 要特别注意关联词在从句中(及某些连接词在短语中)所担当的成分,这是正确使用关连词的关键.
1.连接词:引导名词从句,在从句中不做成分.
1) that(无含义):
I said that he was wrong.
2) whether(if)(表示不确定性或选择关系):
I don't know whether it is correct.
英语关联词 —连接词 2
2.连接代词
1)引导名词从句,在从句中做主语,宾语,表语和
定语.
A. who/which 作主语(口语who中可做宾语,
但其前面不可有与其配合使用的介词):
I asked him who came into the
room./ I asked him who(m) he saw
whom/which 做宾语:
Ask him which he wants.
英语关联词 —关联词 3
C. whose 做宾语(=whose thing(s)) /定
语:
I wonder whose house that is.
D. what 做上面提及的各种成分:
I don't know what I should do.
What can be done
2)与不定式连用,在其中多做主语和宾语.
We can't decide whom to invite.
We must decide what to do.
I couldn't decide which to choose.
英语关联词 —关联词 4
3.连接副词 引导名词从句或与不定式连用,在从句
中做状语.
1) how: That's how I look at it.
2) where: I don't know where he lives.
3) when: Tell me when to use the tool.
4) why: I'll tell you why you have to
do it.
英语关联词 —关系词 1
4.关系代词
1) who 表示人,在从句中做主语和表语(口语
who中可做宾语,但其前面不可有与其配合使用
的介词):
The man who spoke is my teacher.
I don't know who he is.
The man who I saw told me that.
2) whom 表示人,在从句中做宾语和表语:
The man whom I saw told me that.
英语关联词 —关系词 2
3) whose 表示"某人/物的",of which表示
"某物的", 在从句中做定语:
That's the man whose son is my
pupil.
The room whose window faces south
is her bedroom.
The room of which the window faces
south is her bedroom.
英语关联词 —关系词 3
4) which 表示物,在从句中做主语和表语:
I like the picture which was taken
in front of the main building.
5) that 表示人/物,在从句中做主语和宾语; 注
意下列关于that作为关系代词的用法.
A.现行词前有最高级形容词修饰时:
This is the best film that I've
ever seen.
英语关联词 —关系词 4
B.先行词是下列词语或为其所修饰修饰时:
the first, the last, the only, the
same, the very, all, any, no,
every.
This is the last chance that you
have.
You are the only friend that I
have.
He told me all that he knew.
英语关联词 —关系词 5
C. 先行词是下列不定代词或为其所修饰修饰时:
much, little, none, everything/body,
nothing, nobody.
There's nothing in the world that
can frighten him.
D. 以Who/Which开始的句子,其后的定语从句中
的关系代词不使用who/which,而代之以that.
Who that knows him would trust him
Which of these buses is the one
that goes to London
英语关联词 —关系词 6
E.人和事物/动物同为先行词时:
The man and the horse that fell
into the river were drowned.
6) 关系代词做介词宾语.
A.一般介词可放在whom/which的前面或其所
在的从句的句尾,关系代词为that时,只可
放在其所在的从句的句尾.
Is this the car for which you
paid a high price
英语关联词 —关系词 7
Is this the car which you paid
a high price for
Is this the car that you paid a
high price for
Is this the car you paid a high
price for
B.介词during, except以及表示(从整体中)
"分割"(出部分)的介词of等介词要放在关
系代词的前面:
英语关联词 —关系词 8
The years during which he was away
were long years to her.
He wrote many books, some of which
C.其介词与动词不可分割的短语动词中的介词必
须放在其动词之后,不可放在关系代词之前:
This is the book which he has been
looking for.
7)关系代词的省略.
A.关系代词作宾语时:
The girl I work with is coming.
英语关联词 —关系词 9
B.that在定语从句中做表语时:
He is not the man that he was
when I saw him first.
He is not the man he was when I
saw him first.
5.关系副词 在定语从句中均做状语.
1)where 地点:
That's one point where I'd like
your advice.
英语关联词 —关系词 10
2) when 时间:
At the time when I saw him, he was
ill.
3) why 原因:
That is the reason why I came so
early.
4) that 方式/时间/原因
I like the way that /in which he
did it.
英语关联词 —关系词 11
That was the first time (that) I saw
him.
The reason why/that he was dismissed
is not easy to explain.
5)in which/at which = where
This is the school in which/at which/
where he works.
6)for which = why
I don't the reason for which he left.
英语关联词 —关系词 12
7)on which = when
The day on which she was born was 22
September, 1988.

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