高中英语词组,句型总结

高中英语词组,句型总结
高中英语词组,句型总结

高中英语词组,句型总结
There be表示 “存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构.其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说there be结构的运用也就是倒桩的具体运用.其真正的主语在there be 之后.在新课标中对此的考试要求是：掌握There be句式的结构特征和基本用法.在我们的课本中也出现了大量的There be句式如：
There are a few simple safe measures to follow while training.(Book3,P51)
There are also records of gymnastics being performed in China and some other Asian countries.(Book3, P50)
In China, there is only 7% of the land used for growing crops, which feeds more than one fourth of the world population.(Book3, P20)
If the population keeps growing so quickly, there will be only standing room left for us next century.(Book2A, P49)
There were lots of good English language programs broadcast on TV or on the radio in China.(Book1A, P46)
There be结构是如此重要,我们高中生必须对此从以下方面进行了解.
一、 注意事项：
1 there be 结构中的be 是可以运用各种时态的.
　There is going to be a meeting tonight.今晚有个会议.
There was a knock at the door.有人敲门.
There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你.
There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了.
2动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致.并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be 的单复数形式.
如：
There is a book on the desk.课桌上有一本书.
How many people are there in the city?这个城市里有多少人口.
There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书.
There are two books and a pen on the desk. 课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔.
There are some students and a teacher in the classroom. 在教室里有一些学生和一位老师.
There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 在教室里有一位老师和一些学生.
3 在there be引起的句子结构中,用来修饰主语的不定式主动形式和被动形式均可.
　There is no time to lose (= to be lost).时间紧迫.
There is nothing to see (=to be seen).看不见有什么.
There is nothing to do.(=to be done) 无事可做.
二、 结构变形：
在there be 结构中还可把be 改变从而使得there be结构有了一些改变具体总结如下：
1 There used/seem/ happen/appear to be 如：
There might be snow at night.晚上可能有雪.
There appeared to be nobody willing to help.看来没人愿意帮忙.
There used to be a building here.过去这儿有一座楼房.
There happened to be a man walking by.碰巧有个人在此经过.
There doesn't seem to be much hope.好象没有太大的希望.
2 在there be的 be 前还可以加上各种情态词,如：
There must be something wrong.一定有问题.
There ought not to be so many people.不应该有这么多的人.
There might still be hope .可能还有点希望.
3 在there be句型中的be还可以换成其他的动词与there连用,这些词都是表示状态的如：live stand exist remain等或用来描写某事的发生或某人的到达如come, appear, enter, follow, occur等.
There lived a rich man.这以前住着一个富翁.
Then there came a knock at the door.然后有人敲门.
Long, long ago, there lived a king.很久很久以前,有一个国王.
There followed a terrible noise.然后是传来了可怕的声音.
Suddenly there entered a strange man.突然进来了一个奇怪的人.
三、 特殊的表达方式：
1There is no sense in doing 做某事是没有用的,没有意义的
There is no sense in making him angry.跟他生气是没有用的.
There in no sense in going alone.
一个人去是没有好处的.
4 There is no use /good doing 做某事是没有用的,没有必要的
There is no use trying to explain it.解释是没有必要的.
There is no good/use going there.
去那儿是没有好处的.
5 There is no need to do 没有必要做某事
There is no need to worry.
没有必要担心.
There is no need to give him so much money.
根本没有必要给他那么多的钱.
6 There is thought/said/reported to be 人们认为有/据说有/据报道有
There is thought to be an army between in these two countries.
人们认为在这两国之间有一场战争.
There is reported to be a better way to cure cancer.
据报道,找到了一种更好的治疗癌症的方法.
7 There is no doing（口语）不可能…….
There is no telling when he will be back.无法知道他什么时候回来.
There is no knowing what he is doing. 无法知道他在做什么.
四、 there be句式的非限定形式.
There be 的非限定形式有两种,即there to be 和there being.需要掌握以下几个情况：
1作主语
当作主语时,一般是There being结构,当句式中有for时,一般用there to be如：
There being a shop here is a great advantage.
这儿有个商店,真是方便极了.
There being a house with a garden is of great value.
拥有花园的房子是很有价值的.
It is impossible for there to be any more.
不可能再有了.
2 作宾语
作动词宾语时,一般用there to be 结构.常见动词有：expect, mean, intend want, prefer等：
We expect there to be no argument.我们希望不会出现争吵.
People don't want there to be anther war.人们不希望再有战争.
作介词的宾语一般用There being句式,但当是for时一般用there to be句式.
This depended on there being a sudden change. 这需要有一个突然的改变.
The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.老师在等着大家都安静下来.
3 作状语
用作状语的there be的形式通常用therebeing结构.
There being no buses, we had to walk home.
由于没有公共汽车,我们不得不走着回家.
There being no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.
屋里没人,我们意识到哭喊是没有用的.
There being nothing else to do, we went home happily.
由于没事可做,我们快乐地回家了.
注意：如果句中出现for时应用there to be.
It was too late for there to be any buses.
太晚了,没有公共汽车了.